ielte la anmārwi pa antaxōni ān tēna;
il ñatta jarēþa rūānnie il ñatta jamāes japōññe sū jekiēn xīnār il aþ ñatta āke jamāramma;
ē teteñ ien hēja ñanna jacālmi jajūti nā aþ ōrra ñatta ancālmi to ankīþi aþ ōrra ñatta ancērri to anhērmi;
ē teteñ ien hēja ñanna jamāonre pa jakōnōr ja ñi jōl rā anīstīli;
ē teteñ ien hēja ñanna lewēra tō tūaþ wā ñi ñēim makkepōlien rā anmārwi āñ pēxa;
il aþ ñi rā āke ā λi ārōn tō sema mo sarōña jamāonre pa jakōnōr ja ñatta ōrra;
il tamma ien ē ñi mēli mānīki ī la sāim antaxōni ān tēna ī la jāo jānne jakāe ja ñatta;
il tamma ien rēha ñatta janahan ja ñi jaþēŋŋe cēja lā;
il tamma ien ē ñi liēn rā āke tā aþ ñalla anwaxāon tō tūaþ ñi anxiēna ankewōra nīkamma sāim cī;
ē ñamma jāo ā λi ārōn ī ñamma sāim makkepōlien rā anmārwi āñ pēxa ī ñamma jamāonre anlāīke ankewōra;
tō jāo sete sawēra λi waxāon tō ōrra ñamma anwaxāon antaxōni tēna sū āke ā λi ārōn;
Interlinear
|
ielte la anmārwi pa antaxōni ān tēna; |
| ielte |
la |
an-mārw-i |
pa |
an-taxōn-i |
ān |
tēna |
| MOD("once") |
REL(LA) |
N.co("world") |
REL(PA) |
N.co("language") |
MOD("one") |
MOD("all") |
|
Once long ago, the world had only one language. |
|
il ñatta jarēþa rūānnie il ñatta jamāes japōññe sū jekiēn xīnār il aþ ñatta āke jamāramma; |
| il |
ñ-atta |
ja-rēþ-a |
rū-ānnie |
| | |
| CONJ("while") |
REL(NI)+3p.pc.A |
N.sg("journey") |
LOC("from"+"East") |
| | |
| il |
ñ-atta |
ja-māes |
ja-pōññ-e |
sū |
j-ekiēn |
xīnār |
| CONJ("then") |
REL(NI)+3p.pc.A |
N.sg("plain") |
N.sg("found") |
LOC("at") |
N.sg("land") |
Xīnār |
| il aþ |
ñ-atta |
āke |
ja-mār-amma |
| | |
| CONJ("and then") |
REL(NI)+3p.pc.A |
PN("yonder") |
N.sg.("home")+3p.assoc |
| | |
|
While they were making a journey from the East, they found a plain in the land Xīnār and there made their home. |
|
ē teteñ ien hēja ñanna jacālmi jajūti nā aþ ōrra ñatta ancālmi to ankīþi aþ ōrra ñatta ancērri to anhērmi; |
| ē |
te-teñ |
ien |
hēja |
ñ-anna |
ja-cālm-i |
ja-jūt-i |
nā |
| CONJ("and") |
REL(SE.past)+3p.pc.refl |
PN.relat |
FUT.obl |
REL(NI)+1p.incl.pc |
N.pl("bricks") |
N.pl("baked") |
MOD("many") |
| aþ |
ōrra |
ñatta |
an-cālm-i |
to |
an-kīþ-i |
|
|
| CONJ("and then") |
PAST |
REL(NI)+3p.pc.A |
N.co("bricks") |
SRC |
N.co("stone") |
|
|
| aþ |
ōrra |
ñatta |
an-cērr-i |
to |
an-hērm-i |
|
|
| CONJ("and then") |
PAST |
REL(NI)+3p.pc.A |
N.co("mud") |
SRC |
N.co("mortar") |
|
|
|
And they said to each other: We should bake many bricks, and then they had bricks for stone and they had md for mortar. |
|
ē teteñ ien hēja ñanna jamāonre pa jakōnōr ja ñi jōl rā anīstīli; |
| ē |
te-teñ |
ien |
hēja |
ñ-anna |
ja-māonr-e |
pa |
ja-kōnōr |
| CONJ("and") |
REL(SE.past)+3p.pc.refl |
PN.relat |
FUT.obl |
REL(NI)+1p.incl.pc |
N.sg("city") |
REL(PA) |
N.sg("tower") |
| ja |
ñi |
j-ōl |
rā |
an-īstīl-i |
| | |
| PN.relat |
REL(NI) |
N.sg("top") |
LOC("to") |
N.co("heavens") |
| | |
|
And they said to each other: We should make a city that has a tower that reaches to the heavens. |
|
ē teteñ ien hēja ñanna lewēra tō tūaþ wā ñi ñēim makkepōlien rā anmārwi āñ pēxa; |
| ē |
te-teñ |
ien |
hēja |
ñ-anna |
le-wēr-a |
| | |
| CONJ("and") |
REL(SE.past)+3p.pc.refl |
PN.relat |
FUT.obl |
REL(NI)+1p.incl.pc |
N.poss(1p+"name") |
| | |
| tō tūaþ |
wā |
ñi |
ñēim |
ma-k-kepōl-ien |
rā |
an-mārw-i |
āñ |
pēxa |
| CONJ("so that") |
NEG |
REL(PA) |
PN(3p.pc) |
N.anim.pl("scattered") |
LOC("to") |
N.co("world") |
LOC("amidst") |
LOC("far") |
|
And they said to each other: We should make our name so that we do not become scattered far among the world. |
|
il aþ ñi rā āke ā λi ārōn tō sema mo sarōña jamāonre pa jakōnōr ja ñatta ōrra; |
| il aþ |
ñi |
rā |
āke |
ā |
λi |
ārōn |
| | |
| CONJ("and then") |
REL(NI) |
LOC("to") |
PN("yonder") |
AGENT |
Pr.Name |
LORD |
| | |
| tō |
se-ma |
mo |
sa-rōñ-a |
ja-māonr-e |
pa |
ja-kōnōr |
ja |
ñ-atta |
ōrra |
| CONJ("for") |
REL(SE)+3p.sg.goal |
GOAL |
N.poss(3p+"eyes") |
N.sg("city") |
REL(NI) |
N.sg("tower") |
PN.relat |
REL(NI)+3p.pc.A |
PAST |
|
And then the LORD came to there to see the city with the tower that they had made. |
|
il tamma ien ē ñi mēli mānīki ī la sāim antaxōni ān tēna ī la jāo jānne jakāe ja ñatta; |
| il |
t-amma |
ien |
ē |
ñi |
m-ēl-i |
m-ānīk-i |
| | |
| CONJ("then") |
REL(SE.past)+3p.sg.src |
PN.relat |
CONJ("and") |
REL(NI) |
N.anim.co("people") |
N.anim.co("united") |
| | |
| | |
ī |
la |
sāim |
an-taxōn-i |
ān |
tēna |
|
| | |
CONJ("and also") |
REL(LA) |
PN(3p.pc) |
N.co("language") |
MOD("one") |
MOD("all") |
|
| | |
ī |
la |
jāo |
j-ānn-e |
ja-kā-e |
ja |
ñ-atta |
| | |
CONJ("and also") |
REL(LA) |
PN("this") |
N.sg("beginning") |
N.pl("deeds") |
PN.relat |
REL(NI)+3p.pc.A |
|
Then He said: the people are united and they have all of one language and this is the beginning of the deeds they can do. |
|
il tamma ien rēha ñatta janahan ja ñi jaþēŋŋe cēja lā; |
| il |
t-amma |
ien |
rēha |
ñ-atta |
janahan |
ja |
ñi |
ja-þēŋŋ-e |
cēja |
lā |
| CONJ("then") |
REL(SE.past)+3p.sg.src |
PN.relat |
FUT.cert |
REL(NI)+3p.pc.A |
indef.PN.sg("anything") |
PN.relat |
REL(NI) |
N.sg("proposed") |
ASP(CAN) |
MOOD(EMPH) |
|
Then He said: they will do anything that can be proposed! |
|
il tamma ien ē ñi liēn rā āke tā aþ ñalla anwaxāon tō tūaþ ñi anxiēna ankewōra nīkamma sāim cī; |
| il |
t-amma |
ien |
ē |
ñi |
liēn |
rā |
āke |
tā |
| CONJ("then") |
REL(SE.past)+3p.sg.src |
PN.relat |
CONJ("and") |
REL(NI) |
PN(1p.sg) |
LOC("to") |
PN("yonder") |
MOD("down") |
| | |
aþ |
ñ-alla |
an-waxāon |
| | |
| | |
CONJ("and then") |
REL(NI)+1p.sg.A |
N.st("confusion") |
| | |
| tō tūaþ |
ñi |
an-xiēn-a |
an-kewōr-a |
nīk-amma |
sāim |
cī |
| |
| CONJ("so that") |
REL(NI) |
N.st("understanding") |
N.st("ended") |
PN.assoc(3p) |
PN(3p.pc) |
MOOD(COMM) |
| |
|
Then He said: And I will go down to there and I will make confusion so that the understanding among them is ended. |
|
ē ñamma jāo ā λi ārōn ī ñamma sāim makkepōlien rā anmārwi āñ pēxa ī ñamma jamāonre anlāīke ankewōra; |
| ē |
ñ-amma |
jāo |
ā |
λi |
ārōn |
| |
| CONJ("and") |
REL(NI)+3p.sg.A |
PN("this") |
AGENT |
Pr.Name |
LORD |
| |
| ī |
ñ-amma |
sāim |
ma-k-kepōl-ien |
rā |
an-mārw-i |
āñ |
pēxa |
| CONJ("and also") |
REL(NI)+3p.sg.A |
PN(3p.pc) |
N.anim.pl("scattered") |
LOC("to") |
N.co("world") |
LOC("amidst") |
LOC("far") |
| ī |
ñ-amma |
ja-māonr-e |
an-lāīk-e |
an-kewōr-a |
| | |
| CONJ("and also") |
REL(NI)+3p.sg.A |
N.sg("city") |
N.st("making") |
N.st("ended") |
| | |
|
And the LORD did this and they became scattered far amidst the world and the building of the city ended. |
|
tō jāo sete sawēra λi waxāon tō ōrra ñamma anwaxāon antaxōni tēna sū āke ā λi ārōn; |
| tō jāo |
se-te |
sa-wēr-a |
λi |
waxāon |
| | | | | |
| CONJ("therefore") |
REL(SE)+3p.pc.goal |
N.poss(3p+"name") |
Pr.Name |
Confusion |
| | | | | |
| tō |
ōrra |
ñ-amma |
an-waxāon |
an-taxōn-i |
tēna |
sū |
āke |
ā |
λi |
ārōn |
| CONJ("because") |
PAST |
REL(NI)+3p.sg.A |
N.st("confusion") |
N.co("language") |
MOD("all") |
LOC("at") |
PN("yonder") |
AGENT |
Pr.Name |
LORD |
|
Therefore their name is Confusion because the LORD had made confusion of all language there. |
Abbreviations
| 1p | 1st person |
FUT | future |
PA | the relational PA |
| 2p | 2nd person |
goal | goal, recipient, beneficiary |
past/PAST | past |
| 3p | 3rd person |
IMPER | imperative |
pc | paucal |
| A | agent |
INTERR | interrogative |
pl | plural |
| AGENT | agent marker |
inan | inanimate |
PN | pronoun |
| anim | animate |
incl | inclusive |
poss/POSS | possessive |
| ASP | aspect |
indef | indefinite |
Pr.Name | proper name |
| assoc | associative |
LA | the relational LA |
PREP | preposition |
| CAN | can, able |
LOC | locative |
PROH | prohibitive |
| cert | certain, inevitable |
MOD | modifier |
refl | reflexive |
| co/coll | collective |
MOOD | mood marker |
REL | relational |
| COMM | commissive |
N | noun |
relat | relative |
| cond | conditional |
NEG | negative |
SE | the relational SE |
| CONJ | conjunction |
NI | the relational NI |
sg | singular |
| ds | distributive |
obl | obligatory |
src | source |
| EMPH | emphatic |
| |
st | stative |
Quick Grammar Review
- LA takes a single object: something that exists in a state or a location.
- NI takes a single object: something that has undergone a change of state or location.
- NI {object} LOC denotes motion of the object
- SE takes a single object: something that has a source and/or a goal.
- PA takes two objects: a whole and its part, or LA {whole} PA {part}
- Nouns in apposition with the same inflection refer to the same entity
- Nouns in apposition with different infections refer to different entities, usually with a WHOLE PART relationship.
